Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards

Done at New York on 10 June 1958

ENTRY INTO FORCE: 7 June 1959, in accordance with article XII.

REGISTRATION: 7 June 1959, No. 4739.

TEXT: United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 330, p. 3.

STATUS: Signatories: 24. Parties: 121.

Note: The Convention was prepared and opened for signature on 10 June 1958 by the United Nations Conference on International Commercial Arbitration, convened in accordance with resolution 604 (XXI) 1 of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations adopted on 3 May 1956. The Conference met at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York from 20 May to 10 June 1958. For the text of the Final Act of this Conference, see United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 330, p. 3.

Participant

Signature

Ratification, accession (a), succession (d)

Algeria 7 Feb 1989 a

Antigua and Barbuda 2 Feb 1989 a

Argentina 26 Aug 1958 14 Mar 1989

Armenia 29 Dec 1997 a

Australia 26 Mar 1975 a

Austria 2 May 1961 a

Bahrain 6 Apr 1988 a

Bangladesh 6 May 1992 a

Barbados 16 Mar 1993 a

Belarus 29 Dec 1958 15 Nov 1960

Belgium 10 Jun 1958 18 Aug 1975

Benin 16 May 1974 a

Bolivia 28 Apr 1995 a

Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 Sep 1993 d

Botswana 20 Dec 1971 a

Brunei Darussalam 25 Jul 1996 a

Bulgaria 17 Dec 1958 10 Oct 1961

Burkina Faso 23 Mar 1987 a

Cambodia 5 Jan 1960 a

Cameroon 19 Feb 1988 a

Canada 12 May 1986 a

Central African Republic 15 Oct 1962 a

Chile 4 Sep 1975 a

China2 22 Jan 1987 a

Colombia 25 Sep 1979 a

Costa Rica 10 Jun 1958 26 Oct 1987

Côte d'Ivoire 1 Feb 1991 a

Croatia 26 Jul 1993 d

Cuba 30 Dec 1974 a

Cyprus 29 Dec 1980 a

Czech Republic3 30 Sep 1993 d

Denmark 22 Dec 1972 a

Djibouti 14 Jun 1983 d

Dominica 28 Oct 1988 a

Ecuador 17 Dec 1958 3 Jan 1962

Egypt 9 Mar 1959 a

El Salvador 10 Jun 1958 26 Feb 1998

Estonia 30 Aug 1993 a

Finland 29 Dec 1958 19 Jan 1962

France 25 Nov 1958 26 Jun 1959

Georgia 2 Jun 1994 a

Germany4,5 10 Jun 1958 30 Jun 1961

Ghana 9 Apr 1968 a

Greece 16 Jul 1962 a

Guatemala 21 Mar 1984 a

Guinea 23 Jan 1991 a

Haiti 5 Dec 1983 a

Holy See 14 May 1975 a

Hungary 5 Mar 1962 a

India 10 Jun 1958 13 Jul 1960

Indonesia 7 Oct 1981 a

Ireland 12 May 1981 a

Israel 10 Jun 1958 5 Jan 1959

Italy 31 Jan 1969 a

Japan 20 Jun 1961 a

Jordan 10 Jun 1958 15 Nov 1979

Kazakhstan 20 Nov 1995 a

Kenya 10 Feb 1989 a

Kuwait 28 Apr 1978 a

Kyrgyzstan 18 Dec 1996 a

Lao People's Democratic Republic 17 Jun 1998a

Latvia 14 Apr 1992 a

Lebanon 11 Aug 1998 a

Lesotho 13 Jun 1989 a

Lithuania 14 Mar 1995 a

Luxembourg 11 Nov 1958 9 Sep 1983

Madagascar 16 Jul 1962 a

Malaysia 5 Nov 1985 a

Mali 8 Sep 1994 a

Mauritania 30 Jan 1997 a

Mauritius 19 Jun 1996 a

Mexico 14 Apr 1971 a

Monaco 31 Dec 1958 2 Jun 1982

Mongolia 24 Oct 1994 a

Morocco 12 Feb 1959 a

Mozambique 11 Jun 1998 a

Nepal 4 Mar 1998 a

Netherlands 10 Jun 1958 24 Apr 1964

New Zealand 6 Jan 1983 a

Niger 14 Oct 1964 a

Nigeria 17 Mar 1970 a

Norway 14 Mar 1961 a

Oman 25 Feb 1999 a

Pakistan 30 Dec 1958

Panama 10 Oct 1984 a

Paraguay 8 Oct 1997 a

Peru 7 Jul 1988 a

Philippines 10 Jun 1958 6 Jul 1967

Poland 10 Jun 1958 3 Oct 1961

Portugal 18 Oct 1994 a

Republic of Korea 8 Feb 1973 a

Republic of Moldova 18 Sep 1998 a

Romania 13 Sep 1961 a

Russian Federation 29 Dec 1958 24 Aug 1960

San Marino 17 May 1979 a

Saudi Arabia 19 Apr 1994 a

Senegal 17 Oct 1994 a

Singapore 21 Aug 1986 a

Slovakia3 28 May 1993 d

Slovenia 6 Jul 1992 d

South Africa 3 May 1976 a

Spain 12 May 1977 a

Sri Lanka 30 Dec 1958 9 Apr 1962

Sweden 23 Dec 1958 28 Jan 1972

Switzerland 29 Dec 1958 1 Jun 1965

Syrian Arab Republic 6 9 Mar 1959 a

Thailand 21 Dec 1959 a

the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 10 Mar 1994 d

Trinidad and Tobago 14 Feb 1966 a

Tunisia 17 Jul 1967 a

Turkey 2 Jul 1992 a

Uganda 12 Feb 1992 a

Ukraine 29 Dec 1958 10 Oct 1960

United Kingdom 24 Sep 1975 a

United Republic of Tanzania 13 Oct 1964 a

United States of America 30 Sep 1970 a

Uruguay 30 Mar 1983 a

Uzbekistan 7 Feb 1996 a

Venezuela 8 Feb 1995 a

Viet Nam 12 Sep 1995 a

Yugoslavia 26 Feb 1982 a

Zimbabwe 29 Sep 1994 a

Declarations and Reservations
(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations and reservations were made upon ratification,
accession or succession. For objections thereto and territorial applications, see hereinafter.)

Algeria

Declaration:

Referring to the possibility offered by article I, paragraph 3, of the Convention, the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria declares that it will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State and only where such awards have been made with respect to differences arising out of legal relationships whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under algerian law.

antigua and barbuda

Declarations:

"In accordance with article I, the Government of Antigua and Barbuda declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another contracting state.

The Government of Antigua and Barbuda also declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of Antigua and Barbuda."

Argentina 7

Upon signature:

Subject to the declaration contained in the Final Act.

Upon ratification:

On the basis of reciprocity, the Republic of Argentina will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. It will also apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

The Convention will be interpreted in accordance with the principles and clauses of the National Constitution in force or those resulting from modification made by virtue of the Constitution.

armenia

Declarations:

"1. The Republic of Armenia will apply the Convention only to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

2. The Republic of Armenia will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of the Republic of Armenia."

Austria 8

bahrain9

"1. The accession by the State of Bahrain to the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, 1958 shall in no way constitute recognition of Israel or be a cause for the establishment of any relations of any kind therewith.

"2. In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the State of Bahrain will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State party to the Convention.

"3. In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the State of Bahrain will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the State of Bahrain."

barbados

Declaration:

" (i) In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the Government of Barbados declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

(ii) The Government of Barbados will also apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not which are considered as commercial under the laws of Barbados."

belarus

The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic will apply the provisions of this Convention in respect to arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States only to the extent to which they grant reciprocal treatment.

belgium

In accordance with article I, paragraph 3, the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of a Contracting State.

bosnia and herzegovina

Declaration:

"The Convention will be applied to the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina only relating those arbitral awards that have been brought after entering into force of the Convention.

The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina."

botswana

"The Republic of Botswana will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationship, whether contractual or not, which are considered commercial under Botswana law.

"The Republic of Botswana will apply the Convention to the Recognition and Enforcement of Awards made in the territory of another Contracting State."

brunei darussalam

Declaration:

"... Brunei Darussalam will on the basis of reciprocity apply the said Convention to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards which are made in the territory of another Contracting State."

bulgaria

"Bulgaria will apply the Convention to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another contracting State. With regard to awards made in the territory of non-contracting States it will apply the Convention only to the extent to which these States grant reciprocal treatment."

canada 10

27 May 1987

"The Government of Canada declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of Canada, except in the case of the Province of Quebec where the law does not provide for such limitation."

central african republic

Referring to the possibility offered by paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, the Central African Republic declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; it further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

china

1. The People's Republic of China will apply the Convention, only on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State;

2. The People's Republic of China will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the People's Republic of China.

cuba

Cuba will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. With respect to arbitral awards made by other noncontracting States it will apply the Convention only in so far as those States grant reciprocal treatment as established by mutual agreement between the parties. Moreover, it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Cuban legislation.

CYPRUS

"The Republic of Cyprus will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State; furthermore it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law."

CZECH REPUBLIC 3

DENMARK

In accordance with the terms of article I, paragraph 3, [the Convention] shall have effect only as regards the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made by another Contracting State and [it] shall be valid only with respect to commercial relationships.

ecuador

Ecuador, on a basis of reciprocity, will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of another contracting State only if such awards have been made with respect to differences arising out of legal relationships which are regarded as commercial under Ecuadorian law.

france 11

Referring to the possibility offered by paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, France declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State.

Referring to paragraphs 1 and 2 of article X of the Convention, France declares that this Convention will extend to all the territories of the French Republic.

germany 4, 12

greece13

18 April 1980

The present Convention is approved on condition of the two limitations set forth in article I (3) of the Convention.

guatemala

On the basis of reciprocity, the Republic of Guatemala will apply the above Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; and will apply it only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

Holy See

The State of Vatican City will apply the said Convention on the basis of reciprocity, on the one hand, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State, and on the other hand, only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Vatican law.

hungary

"The Hungarian People's Republic shall apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of such awards only as have been made in the territory of one of the other Contracting States and are dealing with differences arising in respect of a legal relationship considered by the Hungarian law as a commercial relationship."

india

"In accordance with Article I of the Convention, the Government of India declare that they will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of a State, party to this Convention. They further declare that they will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships,whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the law of India."

indonesia

"Pursuant to the provision of article I (3) of the Convention, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State, and that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the Indonesian Law".

ireland

"In accordance with article I (3) of the said Convention the Government of Ireland declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State".

japan

"It will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State."

jordan 9

The Government of Jordan shall not be bound by any awards which are made by Israel or to which an Israeli is a party.

kenya

Declaration:

"In accordance with article I (3) of the said Convention the Government of Kenya declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another contracting state."

kuwait

The State of Kuwait will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

It is understood that the accession of the State of Kuwait to the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, done at New York, on the 10th of June 1958, does not mean in any way recognition of Israel or entering with it into relations governed by the Convention thereto acceded by the State of Kuwait.

lebanon

Declaration:

The Government of Lebanon declares that it will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

lithuania

Declaration:

[The Republic of Lithuania] will apply the provisions of the said Convention to the recognition of arbitral awards made in the territories of the Non-Contracting States, only on the basis of reciprocity."

luxembourg

Declaration:

The Convention is applied on the basis of reciprocity to the recognition and enforcement of only those arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

madagascar

The Malagasy Republic declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; it further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

malaysia

Declaration:

The Government of Malaysia will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. Malaysia further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Malaysian law.

mauritius

Declarations:

"In accordance with paragraph 3 of article 1 of the Convention, the Republic of Mauritius declares that it will, on the basis of reciprocity, apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

Referring to paragraphs 1 and 2 of article X of the Convention, the Republic of Mauritius declares that this Convention will extend to all the territories forming part of the Republic of Mauritius."

monaco

Referring to the possibility offered by article I (3) of the Convention, the Principality of Monaco will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; furthermore, it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationship, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

mongolia

Declaration:

"1. Mongolia will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

2. Mongolia will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of Mongolia."

morocco

The Government of His Majesty the King of Morocco will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

mozambique

Reservation:

"The Republic of Mozambique reserves itself the right to enforce the provisions of the said Convention on the base of reciprocity, where the arbitral awards have been pronounced in the territory of another Contracting State."

nepal

Declaration:

"The Kingdom of Nepal will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcemnt of awards made only in the territory of another contracting state. [The Government of Nepal] further declares that the Kingdom of Nepal will apply the Convention only to the differences arising out of legal relationship, whther contractual or not, which are consid4red as commercial under the law of the Kingdom of Nepal."

netherlands

Referring to paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, the Government of the Kingdom declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

new zealand

Declarations:

"In accordance with paragraph 3 of article 1 of the Convention, the Government of New Zealand declares that it will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.

"Accession to the Convention by the Government of New Zealand shall not extend for the time being, pursuant to article X of the Convention, to the Cook Islands and Niue."

nigeria

"In accordance with paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, the Federal Military Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of a State party to this Convention and to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria."

norway

"1. [The Government of Norway] will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of one of the Contracting States."

"2. [The Government of Norway] will not apply the Convention to differences where the subject matter of the proceedings is immovable property situated in Norway, or a right in or to such property."

philippines

Upon signature:

Reservation

"The Philippine delegation signs ad referendum this Convention with the reservation that it does so on the basis of reciprocity."

Declaration

"The Philippines will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State pursuant to Article I, paragraph 3 of the Convention."

Declaration made upon ratification: "The Philippines, on the basis of reciprocity, will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State and only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the State making such declaration."

poland

"With reservations as mentioned in article I, para. 3."

portugal

Declaration:

Within the scope of the principle of reciprocity, Portugal will restrict the application of the Convention to arbitral awards pronounced in the territory of a State bound by the said Convention.

Republic of Korea

"By virtue of paragraph 3 of article I of the present Convention, the Government of the Republic of Korea declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. It further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

republic of moldova

"The Convention will be applied to the Republic of Moldova only relating those arbitral awards that have been brought after entering into force of the Convention.

The Convention will be applied to the Republic of Moldova, on the basis of reciprocity, only relating those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State."

romania

The Romanian People's Republic will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its legislation.

The Romanian People's Republic will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. As regards awards made in the territory of certain non-contracting States, the Romanian People's Republic will apply the Convention only on the basis of reciprocity established by joint agreement between the parties.

Russian Federation

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics will apply the provisions of this Convention in respect to arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States only to the extent to which they grant reciprocal treatment.

saudi arabia

Declaration:

On the Basis of reciprocity, the Kingdom declares that it shall restrict the application of the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of a Contracting State.

Singapore

"The Republic of Singapore will on the basis of reciprocity apply the said Convention to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards which are made in the territory of another Contracting State."

SLOVAKIA 3

switzerland 14

trinidad and tobago

"In accordance with article I of the Convention, the Government of Trinidad and Tobago declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. The Government of Trinidad and Tobago further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the Law of Trinidad and Tobago."

tunisia

With the reservations provided for in article I, paragraph 3, of the Convention, that is to say, the Tunisian State will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State and only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the Tunisian law.

turkey

Declaration:

In accordance with the Article I, paragraph 3 of the Convention, the Republic of Turkey declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State. It further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

uganda

Declaration:

"The Republic of Uganda will only apply the Convention to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State."

ukraine

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic will apply the provisions of this Convention in respect to arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States only to the extent to which they grant reciprocal treatment.

united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland 13

5 May 1980

"The United Kingdom will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. This declaration is also made on behalf of Gibraltar, Hong Kong and the Isle of Man to which the Convention has been extended."

united republic of tanzania

"The Government of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar will apply the Convention,in accordance with the first sentence of article I (3) thereof, only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State."

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

"The United States of America will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

"The United States of America will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the United States."

venezuela

Declarations:

(a) The Republic of Venezuela will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

(b) The Republic of Venezuela will apply the present Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.

viet nam

Declarations:

1. [The Socialist Republic of Viet Nam] considers the Convention to be applicable to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. With respect to arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States, it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity.

2. The Convention will be applied only to differences arising out of legal relationships which are considered as commercial under the laws of Viet Nam.

3. Interpretation of the Convention before the Vietnamese Courts or competent authorities should be made in accordance with the Constitution and the law of Viet Nam.

Yugoslavia 15

Reservation:

"1. The Convention is applied in regard to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia only to those arbitral awards which were adopted after the coming of the Convention into effect.

"2. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will apply the Convention on a reciprocal basis only to those arbitral awards which were adopted on the territory of the other State Party to the Convention.

"3. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will apply the Convention [only] with respect to the disputes arising from the legal relations, contractual and non-contractual, which, according to its national legislation are considered as economic."

Objections
(Unless otherwise indicated, the objections were received upon
ratification, accession or succession.)

germany4

29 December 1989

The Federal Republic of Germany is of the opinion that the second paragraph of the declaration of the Argentine Republic represents a reservation and as such is not only contradictory to article I (3) of the Convention but is also vague and hence inadmissible; it therefore raises an objection to that reservation.

In all other respects this objection is not intended to prevent the entry into force of the Convention between the Argentine Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany.

Territorial Application

Participant	Date of receipt of the notification	Territories
Australia	26 Mar 1975	All the external territories for the international relations of which Australia is responsible other than Papua New Guinea
Denmark 16	10 Feb 1976	Faeroe Islands, Greenland
France	26 Jun 1959	All the territories of the French Republic
Netherlands17	24 Apr 1964	Netherlands Antilles, Surinam
United Kingdom2, 18	24 Sep 1975	Gibraltar
	21 Jan 1977	Hong Kong
	22 Feb 1979	Isle of Man
	14 Nov 1979	Bermuda
	26 Nov 1980	Belize, Cayman Islands
	19 Apr 1985	Guernsey
United States of America	3 Nov 1970	All the territories for the international relations of which the United States of America is responsible

Declarations and reservations made upon
notification of territorial application

united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland

Belize, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Guernsey

[The Convention will apply] . . . "in accordance with article I, paragraph 3 thereof, only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State."

NOTES:

1 Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, Twenty-first Session, Supplement No. 1(E/2889), p. 5.

2 On 6 and 10 June 1997, respectively, the Governments of China and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland notified the Secretary-General of the following:

[Same notifications as those made under note in chapter IV.1.]

In addition, the notification made by the Government of China contained the following declaration:

The Convention will be applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.

3 Czechoslovakia had signed and ratified the Convention on 3 October 1958 and 10 July 1959, with a declaration. For the text of the declaration, see United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 330, p. 69. See also note 5 below and note in chapter I.2.

4 The German Democratic Republic had acceded to the Convention with declarations, on 20 February 1975. For the text of the declarations, see United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 959, p. 841. See also note in chapter I.2.

5 With a declaration that the Convention will also apply to Land Berlin as from the day on which it enters into force for the Federal Republic of Germany.

With reference to the above-mentioned statement,communications have been received from the Governments of Albania, Bulgaria, the Byelorussian SSR, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, the United Kingdom and the United States of America, Poland, Romania, the Ukrainian SSR and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The said communications are identical in essence, mutatis mutandis, to the ones reproduced in note 3 in chapter III.3.

Upon accession to the Convention, on 20 February 1975, the Government of the German Democratic Republic made the following declaration in this respect:

Pursuant to the Quadripartite Agreement of 3 September 1971 between the Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the United States of America and the French Republic, that Berlin (West) is not a constituent part of the Federal Republic of Germany and not to be governed by it. The statements by the Federal Republic of Germany to the effect that these Conventions also apply to "Land Berlin" are therefore contrary to the Quadripartite Agreement, which states further that treaties affecting matters of security and status may not be extended to Berlin (West) by the Federal Republic of Germany. The statements by the Federal Republic of Germany cannot therefore have legal effects.

In regard to the latter declaration, the Secretary-General received on 26 January 1976 from the Governments of France, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America a communication confirming their previous declarations.

Subsequently, on 24 February 1976, the Secretary-General received from the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany a communication which states in part:

"The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, on the basis of the legal situation set out in the [Note] of the Three Powers, wishes to confirm that the application in Berlin (West) of the above-mentioned [Convention] extended by it under the established procedures continues in full force and effect."